Comparisons

Apache Doris vs ClickHouse

Apache Doris and ClickHouse are both leading global real-time data warehouses, supporting columnar storage and fast queries. Doris has advantages like higher concurrency, more efficient joins, easier maintenance, and MySQL-like SQL syntax, making it simpler to use and deploy.

Featured Migration Cases

“Apache Doris has faster query response times than ClickHouse in the vast majority of scenarios, especially in complex join scenarios, where its performance is significantly superior to that of ClickHouse.”

Core business queries 2-3x

Complex join queries 2-10x

Can run all ClickHouse OOM queries

“By replacing ClickHouse with Doris, Kwai successfully upgraded to a lakehouse architecture, simplifying the data pipeline and eliminating the need for data import, as Doris can directly access data lake data.”

Directly query of data lake data

Improved query performance

Flexible data governance with materialized views

“Tencent Music's data platform has migrated from ClickHouse to Apache Doris, improving data timeliness and reducing maintenance costs. Doris' flexible ingestion methods and robust consistency protocol ensure high availability and reliability.”

Massive boost in multi-table join performance

Easy scaling and maintenance.

Efficient data processing and real-time updates

Why Choose Apache Doris

	Apache Doris	ClickHouse
Architecture & SQL	Based on MPP architecture Standard SQL, MySQL-compatible	Uses Scatter-Gather architecture SQL-like capabilities but with non-standard SQL
Queries	Distributed joins Cost-Based Optimization (CBO) Query rewrites and multi-table materialized views Higher concurrent performance	Poor join implementation Lacks a Cost-Based Optimizer (CBO) Only supports single-table materialized views Lower concurrency performance
Real-time Updates	Features a strongly consistent primary key storage model, supporting synchronous data updates and deletions	Only supports asynchronous updates, allowing old values to be read after an update.
Data API	Offers high-throughput read APIs based on Arrow-flight, facilitating integration with other engines such as data science/AI tools	Only inefficient data reading via JDBC API
Building Open Lakehouse	Serves as a Lakehouse SQL engine, supporting queries on Hive, Hudi, Iceberg, and Parquet data lake formats	Limited Lakehouse integration capabilities.
Operations & Maintenance	Supports automatic scaling in, scaling out, and replica balancing	Requires manual rebalancing during scaling operations
Performance	In wide table benchmarks (ClickBench), Doris ranked top 1 or top 2 in October 2022 and October 2024, outperforming ClickHouse In large TPC-H and TPC-DS tests, Doris achieved leading performance	In terms of ClickBench performance, ClickHouse and Doris have been taking turns leading Experiences many OOM (Out of Memory) queries in large TPC-H and TPC-DS tests
Deployment	Doris is supported by a commercial company,VeloDB, which provides cloud-native services on AWS, Azure, and GCP, as well as mature SaaS and Bring Your Own Cloud (BYOC) versions VeloDB, the commercial entity behind Doris, also offers an on-premises enterprise version	Currently, ClickHouse's BYOC version is still in invite-only beta testing No on-premises enterprise version is available for ClickHouse

Apache Doris

Architecture & SQL

Based on MPP architecture
Standard SQL, MySQL-compatible
Queries

Distributed joins
Cost-Based Optimization (CBO)
Query rewrites and multi-table materialized views
Higher concurrent performance
Real-time Updates

Features a strongly consistent primary key storage model, supporting synchronous data updates and deletions
Data API

Offers high-throughput read APIs based on Arrow-flight, facilitating integration with other engines such as data science/AI tools
Building Open Lakehouse

Serves as a Lakehouse SQL engine, supporting queries on Hive, Hudi, Iceberg, and Parquet data lake formats
Operations & Maintenance

Supports automatic scaling in, scaling out, and replica balancing
Performance

In wide table benchmarks (ClickBench), Doris ranked top 1 or top 2 in October 2022 and October 2024, outperforming ClickHouse
In large TPC-H and TPC-DS tests, Doris achieved leading performance
Deployment

Doris is supported by a commercial company,VeloDB, which provides cloud-native services on AWS, Azure, and GCP, as well as mature SaaS and Bring Your Own Cloud (BYOC) versions
VeloDB, the commercial entity behind Doris, also offers an on-premises enterprise version

ClickHouse

Architecture & SQL

Uses Scatter-Gather architecture
SQL-like capabilities but with non-standard SQL
Queries

Poor join implementation
Lacks a Cost-Based Optimizer (CBO)
Only supports single-table materialized views
Lower concurrency performance
Real-time Updates

Only supports asynchronous updates, allowing old values to be read after an update.
Data API

Only inefficient data reading via JDBC API
Building Open Lakehouse

Limited Lakehouse integration capabilities.
Operations & Maintenance

Requires manual rebalancing during scaling operations
Performance

In terms of ClickBench performance, ClickHouse and Doris have been taking turns leading
Experiences many OOM (Out of Memory) queries in large TPC-H and TPC-DS tests
Deployment

Currently, ClickHouse's BYOC version is still in invite-only beta testing
No on-premises enterprise version is available for ClickHouse

Performance Comparison

ClickBench Benchmark

ClickBench is a benchmarking tool created and maintained by the ClickHouse team to evaluate the performance of analytical databases.

It focuses on testing the performance of large, flat tables rather than complex multi-table joins. It uses real-world data from a major web analytics platform, covering typical scenarios such as clickstream analysis and structured logs.

The benchmark consists of a set of queries that test aggregation operations and single-table performance, without involving complex joins. This makes it especially useful for evaluating databases optimized for real-time analytics and large-scale data processing.

SSB-Flat SF100 Benchmark

SSB-Flat SF100 is a benchmark designed to test the performance of analytical databases in handling large, wide tables.

It is derived from the Star Schema Benchmark (SSB) but flattens the star schema into a single wide table to focus on the performance of single-table queries.

The SF100 indicates that the data scale is 100 times the base size, making it a significant test for evaluating query performance and system scalability.

TPC-H SF100 Benchmark

The TPC-H benchmark with a scale factor of 100 (SF100) is a widely used standard for evaluating database performance. It includes a set of complex SQL queries designed to simulate real-world business intelligence workloads.

The SF100 indicates that the data size is 100 times the base size, making it a large-scale test to measure query performance and system scalability.

Note: Since ClickHouse failed to execute 7 queries, the total execution time refers to the time taken by Doris to run all 22 queries, and by ClickHouse to run only 15 queries.

TPC-DS 1TB Benchmark

TPC-DS 1TB is a widely recognized benchmark for evaluating the performance of data warehouses and analytical databases. It involves a dataset of approximately 1TB in size, containing around 6.35 billion records spread across 24 tables.

The benchmark includes 99 complex queries designed to test various aspects of database performance, such as joins, aggregations, and subqueries.

The TPC-DS schema is based on a snowflake schema, representing real-world scenarios like web, catalog, and store sales. The 1TB scale is considered a moderate size for data warehouses but is still challenging due to the complexity of the queries and the large number of records

Note：TPC-DS makes heavy use of correlated subqueries which are at the time of testing (September 2024) not supported by ClickHouse. As a result, about 50% of benchmark queries will fail with errors.

Apache Doris vs ClickHouse

Featured Migration Cases

Why Choose Apache Doris

Apache Doris

ClickHouse

Performance Comparison

ClickHouse & Kudu to Doris: 10X concurrency increased, 70% latency down

Less components, higher performance: Apache Doris instead of ClickHouse, MySQL, Presto, and HBase

Log analysis: How to digest 15 billion logs per day and keep big queries within 1 second

Products

Resources

Company

Apache Doris